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Arch Linux - KaiT_AleX - 07-26-2011
Hello, today i am gonna show you how to intall Arch Linux on your PC..
This tutorial is made by k1LL3r, but i am translate and edit it...
Start
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Arch Linux has been designed and conceived so that the user does not impose anything and find it all. Why not simplify things so that they allow the user to use Linux where I can choose the desktop environment and who wants the entire software. KISS (Keep It Simple Stupid) is the motto of Arch Linux, so without some innovation and ideas to get closer to Windows users a Linux distribution that offers software that is "clean", ie 99% of the code is the original (unchanged) and many of the settings is done by editing text files under Shell. There is a universal user-friendly GUI control center for the Arch like yast and drake on SuSE and Mandriva.
Arch uses pacman as packet manager is a packet format tar.gz. Package Management is impeccable job and problems with dependencies between the packages do not exist, the installation is the same speed as much as you need to extract any tar file to your HD while transferring parameters pacman-enabled search in the package repositories and installed the package through the given string , install and update and manage the local cache with (all installed packages are stored in / var / cache / pacman). When you install a package only necessary packages on which it depends to install pacman while duly inform you about optional packages to enable additional functionality, so you can optionally install them.
Arch is a rolling release distribution, meaning that no new editions come out every 6 months - a year but it was once enough to install a system update through pacman always held a fresh system with the latest stable software. So there is no planning package that will end up in the next edition of Arch Linux is the moment when the development team working on some software to tag a new release stable source is compiled, tested and subsequently be uploaded to the repository and is ready to update. Therefore Arch Linux distribution that is still bleeding edge software. The installation ISO image gets updated only when some come out "major" update the kernel with support for new filesystem, and the like.
Repositories are rich with the software and there is a repo-4:
- Core (basic package type kernel, bash)
- Extra (group packages for the desktop environment and many more mainstream software)
- Community (packages maintained by Arch Linux community that TU's (Trusted Users))
- Testing (not included by default and contains packages that are currently being tested)
If you want to install some software and not located in one of the top three there is a repo AUR (Arch User Repository) is a collection of scripts pkgbuild. These scripts contain the url to the source code at, the list of packages that are needed to the software functioned as the strings and calling configure script and compiled code. How anyone can upload software to the AUR it is possible that pkgbuild script contains some malicious code, but when you install packages from AUR pkgbuild can view the script and allow it to execute or not. TU's often roams AUR and review scripts because it is very easy to spot if the script contains anything other than necessary and as we said percent is deducted from the official source developer website source I can not contain an insert malicious code.
Installation
There are two types of installation media: ftp and core. The only difference is that the core contains the basic packages required for installation while withdrawing ftp repo with the latest packages.
If you decide to try arch linux download link is http://www.archlinux.org/download/
If you want to install Arch with USB download usb iso images instead and with the command in a terminal:
"dd bs = 8M image.img if = of = / dev / sd [x]" where you image.img replaced with the actual name of a file img [x] is the label of your USB device (usually in terms of / dev / sdb but be sure to check the destination drive as it will be permanently overwritten).
It is recommended to download the image torrenta because it provided so that image you downloaded is not damaged.
After boot time live-cd and log into terminal as root and run the installer with the command "/ arch / setup". If you have a wireless connection you have downloaded the ftp image, before running the installer you have wireless connectivity built with iwconfig / ifconfig.
"iwconfig wlan0 essid network name"
"ifconfig wlan0 up" [dhcp]
"ifconfig wlan0 xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx netmask xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx up" [static ip]
If it is an atheros chipset it is possible that the interface is wlan0 instead - ath0. If you're not so sure wireless configuration via terminal instead recommend downloading Core FTP version so you will not need to set before installing wireless connection.
Installation is relatively simple and consists of seven steps:
0th Select source
If you remove the core version, click the CD-ROM or other source if you use a version of ftp select FTP / HTTP. If you select FTP / HTTP next step is to pick up the network interface that is if you go over broadband connections and network cards via a dhcp ip gets installer will automatically configure your connection - otherwise you can enter ip, gateway and netmask. Then follows the selection of mirror servers that host the Arch Linux repositories, such as the installer will warn you ftp.archlinux.org and is plagued by a good idea to choose http://mir.archlinux.fr/ or ftp://mir1.archlinuxfr.org (full speed to 1Mb connection, the stronger I am not sure).
1st set clock
As options are UTC and local. UTC (Universal Time - Coordinated) should be selected if you use only one operating system or one distro, and later by setting the time zone the clock is automatically coordinated to your local time, if you use dual boot Windows / Linux or say Ubuntu / Arch select local time because it will your operating system, but one time adjustable forward / backward when it is needed. Of course later than ntp client can synchronize the time with some of the servers ... You must set the time zone, select 8 for Europe and 41 for Serbia and check with a, possible errors in the time and date can be corrected in the next two dialogues that will offer you the installer.
2nd Prepare hard drive
- Auto prepare: in most cases do not recommend this setup, erases all the hd sets and partitions by default
- Partition hard drives: If you've already set up partitions for root and swap can skip this step. If you neparticionisan hd or if you want to delete all partitions and create new options then this is for you. Select the disk you want to partition (/ dev / sda) and runs the cfdisk. Creating a partition on free space is achieved by selecting New, then asks you whether primary or logical partition in question, whether the partition of the initial or the final sector and finally asks for the size in MB. If you plan to use only the Arch primary partition must have a bootable flag Sets selecting it bootable. All partitions are by default in Linux, but the type that you used for the swap partition you need to change its type by selecting type and entering the number 82 as a Linux / Swap ... When you finish partitioning and write select The confirmation with yes ... Quit and DONE, and returns to the menu.
- Set Filesystem Mountpoints
The following is the setting's mount point. Take care and read slowly, it will first ask for a swap partition, then the root filesystem and you want to use, I recommend ext4 percent is already very much polished and then you can choose the filesystem mount point for other drives / partitions
3rd Select packages
Base is already selected and you must not deselect it, base-dev contains development packages which are also recommended for installation. Selection is done on the key space ... Besides the default selected packages to choose and recommend: glib2, iptables, and w - iwlwifi-ucode - wireless-tools (for intel wireless chips if you have them of course), links and netcfg, of course, if necessary, and select the other packages if you need it (say bridge-utils and linux-atm if you have a USB ADSL modem, etc.).
4th Install packages
Just sit back and relax while Arch installs itself on your sys
5th Configure system
You will be asked for the editor you want to use, any recommendation goes nano because of its simplicity and of course there is more for experienced users - nostalgicare ...
Dialog for configuration consists of the following:
- Rc.conf: It is likely that during your Arch adventure this will be the most frequently edited configuration file. It contains settings for the most important system settings and now we are interested only in how to set up an Internet connection, because we will need at restart.
hostname: HOSTNAME = "myhost" - replace myhost name which will identify your computer on the network
eth0 = "dhcp" - if your network card gets an IP via DHCP
eth0 = "eth0 192.168.0.3 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255" - setting yourself if you want to assign ip to nic-
INTERFACES = (eth0) - specify the interface through which you exit the network (in this case NIC)
gateway = "default gw 192.168.0.1" - set the IP address through which you exit the Internet
ROUTES = (gateway) - if you are using dhcp set! in front of the gateway (! gateway) and if you set static ip then you need to leave (gateway)
If you have a wireless connection is not the wisest use rc.conf to adjust because I had big problems to get through the dhcpcd client's IP, just specify the interfaces = (wlan0) or interfaces = (ath0) if you have the atheros wifi chip. Later we will return to the netcfg script.
# NETWORKS = (main) - name of the scripts in / etc / network.d which contains settings related to initialize a network device, later a little more about it
MODULES = () should be entered here that modules should be loaded when you boot, if you say you have an Intel i3945 chip modules to be added in iwl3945
Before installation, it would be desirable to look http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Wireless_Setup and therefore select the right packages at the wireless installation for you, if you only have wireless Internet access for restart will be too late for that to pacman through a pull-needed packages from the repo if you do not have internet (analogous to "Keyboard failed, press F11 to continue").
DAEMONS = (syslog-ng network crond netfs) should be entered here daemons you want to trigger the start-up in, their scripts are in / etc / rc.d directory, the start should not add anything here.
Two small notes:
1st When you install the desktop environment of choice and if you want to use networkmanager will need to edit / etc / rc.conf and blacklist changee or all the parameters you entered for the network interfaces and network daemons and netfs
2nd If you want to restrict a daemon or module that is run set up a sign! before the name (eg! network! netfs) and if you want to be a module or a daemon that runs in the background of the boot process does not wait for that module / daemon loaded set the @ sign before the name (@ alsa @ samba, etc. ...)
- / Etc / fstab
Mountpoints's defined, it is automatically configured during installation and no need to change it at this time
- / Etc / mkinitcpio.conf
Transferring parameters when creating a initramfs, here you can define which modules early in the boot when it loads the kernel that is before you go to load modules defined in / etc / rc.conf, you can also settings from / etc / modprobe.conf (parameters to certain modules) loaded early in the boot process.
Note: After the update the system path / etc / modprobe.conf is changed in / etc / modprobe.d / modprobe.conf and are ignored and all files that have extensions conf, if you retrieve / etc / modprobe.conf in / etc / mkinicpio.conf this path, you need to replace and rebuild the mysql image again or to simply call pacman-S kernel26. If you are not "cackali" mkinitcpio.conf then disregard here said
- / Etc / modprobe.conf
Quite by accident I explained in the preceding paragraphs of what serves
- / Etc / resolv.conf
Settings related to DNS server, usually it comes to IP gateway so you can safely typing
nameserver 192.168.0.1 (ip address of primary DNS)
- / Etc / hosts
If DNS can not translate the domain name to IP in this file, you can add a string type IPADRESS HOST.DOMAIN HOST, it should not change anything unless it comes to certain problems
- / Etc / hosts.deny and / etc / hosts.allow
They define which network services allow / deny access, you should change the default settings for the start
- / Etc / locale.gen
By default the enable-en_US ram if you have defined another in / etc / rc.conf remove the # in front of the desired string
- / Etc / pacman.d / mirrorlist
Iskomentarisite all URLs except those with whom you want to paint the package, big bugs and big minus is that the mirrorlist in this all-in-Aries, and enable you to hit every # pacman or they will be used first on the list. When you update system-ovals this will be fixed so you can just remove # in front of the URL that you want to use.
- Set root password
Do not overdo it with an explanation ...
By selecting the options return to rebuild initramfs-UJE again for any changes to / etc / mkinicpio.conf
6th Install bootloader
Select the rough, you get the menu.lst file in which you can change the default pair sitnicica type operating system, a timeout before the boot of the same, etc., is written about this many times in the es ... Select / dev / sda to install grub to the MBR (recommended) and then select No if you do not want to install grub on some other disk.
7th Exit install
reboot and voila you've got a arch linux (if you're lucky)
Postinstall settings
After logging in as root and password you defined in step'll get bash. To get a graphical environment you have it over a pacman-download and install from the repositories and that you do need an internet connection. If you go out to the internet via network card is very likely you have already connected to the Internet and you can check the ping-retrying Google (ping www.google.com).
If you have wireless or you have difficulties connecting over the network cards you can always use netcfg to set connection. In / etc / network.d / examples you have some pre-defined configuration files for different types of connections. Edit the appropriate default profile and change according to your needs. For example: "cp / etc / network.d / examples / complete.example / etc / network.d / Wireless" then "nano / etc / network.d / wireless" and change the parameters of these wipe you do not need and save with ctrl + x and key Y.
Code:
CONNECTION="wireless"
INTERFACE=wlan0
SCAN="yes"
SECURITY="none"
ESSID="Combuster"
IP="dhcp"
TIMEOUT=10call the script with "netcfg wireless" profile, or if you specify a different name replace that name with a wireless ...
For more information about preferences http://wiki.archlinux.org/inde...the_ne visit ... cessary.29
If you install via ftp Arch based installer to skip the next step. As I have already mentioned that Arch has a bug in pacman mirror list before updating the system do the following "pacman-Sy" and then "pacman-S pacman-mirrorlist". Then "nano / etc / pacman.d / mirrorlist" and remove the # after the url and the repo that you want to use. Save and you're ready to update.
Update the whole system is called the command "pacman-Syu". If you have installed arch with the core installation of updates you are sheep and most packages need the kernel and reboot the system after completion ovati update.
The next step is to install Xorg. "Pacman-S xorg" shall, through this package groups to install xorg. "Pacman-S xf86-input-evdev" will instaliti hotplugging support for input, it is of course add "hal" in / etc / rc.conf DAEMONS section in. Thus, you ensure that your input devices to be recognized when starting up X.. Xserver-of version 1.6 it is not a need to configure xorg.conf to make it a lot of simplifying the job of configuring X. If you have a laptop you need to install the Synaptics' pacman-S xf86-input-Synaptics ".
Install the drivers for your graphics card is fairly simple:
Intel - "pacman-S xf86-video-intel"
NVIDIA - "pacman-S nvidia-96xx" for slightly older graphics card, "pacman-S nvidia-173xx" of the GF4 FX series and "pacman-S nvidia" for newer NVIDIA GPUs
ATI - Arch has released support for proprietary drivers for many problems that users had with them and now it is only possible to install open-source ATI drivers with "pacman-S xf86-video-ati". In AUR, there is a script to install the catalyst drivers. Something about it later.
If by any chance the meat is not installed as a dep will need to manually install it with "pacman-S mesa"
Also paint the desktop system packages with the group.
GNOME - "pacman-S gnome" for packets that belong to a group of extra advisable to install them "pacman-S gnome-extra". It is necessary to / etc / rc.conf DAEMONS section added to the "fam" and "gdm" (gdm if you want to reboot after you get a graphical login). GDM is the gnome-extra group of packages, if you have not installed you must install it manually "pacman-S gdm".
KDE - "pacman-S kde" should be in / etc / rc.conf DAEMONS section, add the "kdm" if you want a graphical login. Please note that there is no arch repo for KDE 3 version, but if you want to install KDE 3.5 still see http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=54118&p=1
Of course you can change and initlevel that by default at 3 in the / etc / inittab poremujte initlevel line with # 3 and remove the initlevel 5 and line calls gdm / kdm. Thus in the rc.conf is not necessary to start kdm and gdm daemons. This is the recommended way of running desktop manager
To see other DE:
XFCE - http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Beg ... Guide # Xfce
LXDE - http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Beg ... Guide # LXDE
Once you have installed X and DE optionally be added before the restart user account.
"Useradd-m-G users, lp, optical, storage, audio, video, wheel, power-s / bin / bash usernamepozelji"
"Usernamepozelji passwd" and define the password for your new user
If you want to simplify networking (so as not to run non-stop calling netcfg or profile from rc.conf) now when you recommend the installation of DE-network manager and, with it you can easily set up wireless, Ethernet, or mobile broadband connection. You install it with "pacman-S networkmanager" if you use GNOME, add "pacman-S network-manager-applet". To radio network manager requires some changes in / etc / rc.conf.
"Nano / etc / rc.conf"
INTERFACES = () - Clear all interfaces
ROUTES = (! Gateway) - set! To disable forwarding IP address gateway
# NETWORKS = (wireless) - # set to disable network load profile
DAEMONS = (! Network! Netfs networkmanager) - set! to network and blacklistovali netfs daemons and enter the networkmanager but before fam daemon ...
Save rc.conf
"Gpasswd usernamepozelji a network" - to add your username network group
For more information visit: http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/NetworkManager
To adjust the sound you must install and configure the ALSA.
"Pacman-S alsa-utils alsa-oss" and then add the user's audio group with "a usernamepozelji gpasswd-audio". Add the "alsa" to DAEMONS section in the MODULES section, add the appropriate module for your sound card. "Lspci-v | grep Audio-A 11" will show you which kernel module should be added to the MODULES section. Maybe you have to blacklistujete pc speaker modules that know how to create a conflict with the ALSA modules, so if you have trouble adding! front of the module snd-pcsp.
If you do not have the sound run alsaconf as root ...
Further information to adjust the sound you can look at http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/ALSA
Pacman and AUR
To be conformal with arch-served primarily to introduce you a good package management system. Over Pacman, you can install and search for packages that are already installed as well as those in the repo's, update all the system and manage and maintain packages that are in the cache.
"Pacman-Sy" - Refresh list of packages that are in repositories
"Pacman-Syu" - refresh the list + update system
"Pacman-S packagename" - install the desired package
"Pacman-Ss searchstring" - looking for packages in the repo containing searchstring
"Pacman-Si packagename" - displays information about package
"Pacman-Sc" - removed deprecated (outdated) packages from the cache
"Pacman-Scc" - removes all the packages from the cache
"Pacman-R packagename" - removed package
"Pacman-Rd packagename" - remove the package without checking the dep-
"Pacman-Rn packagename" - removes the configuration files that the package made
"Pacman-Rs packagename" - remove the packages that are installed as a dep-package these specified
"Pacman-Qs searchstring" - shows that you have installed a package that contains searchstring
To enable the community repo if it's not ram enable-edit pacman.conf: "nano / etc / pacman.conf" and make sure you have the following strings:
[Community]
# Add your preferred servers here, they will be used first
Include = / etc / pacman.d / mirrorlist
In order to pull packages from the AUR repository the easiest way is to use yaourt which is almost identical to pacman-in. To install it you need to add the following strings in / etc / pacman.conf
[Archlinuxfr]
# Add your preferred servers here, they will be used first
Server = http://repo.archlinux.fr/x86_64
If you install 32-bit arch just add
[Archlinuxfr]
# Add your preferred servers here, they will be used first
Server = http://repo.archlinux.fr/i686
In terminal type "pacman-Sy yaourt" and use it as you would use pacman:
"Yaourt-S packagename"
To note that contains a huge database AUR pkgbuild scripts and almost no oss which is not in AUR in
If you want to install the software from AUR pkgbuild can view the script (just in case).
Useful links:
http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Cpufrequtils - Setting a frequency-scaling
http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Lm_sensors - Setting module for reading the processor temperature and other parameters
http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Bluetooth - How to set up bluetooth
http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Wireless_Setup - Setting up wireless connection
http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/ATI - Installing ATI drivers
http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/NVIDIA - Install nvidia drivers
http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Intel_Graphics - Install intel drivers
http://wiki.archlinux.org/inde...Catego ... English% 29 - Laptop specific settings
http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Touchpad_Synaptics - Adjust the touchpad
I hope this will help you !
Sorry for my bad english, if i make some mistakes !!!
See ya..
And IF you like this tutorial give +1rep...
RE: Arch Linux - HeR97 - 07-26-2011
Maybe you have to 'blacklistujete' malo si pogresio
good tutoiral
RE: Arch Linux - KaiT_AleX - 07-26-2011
My mistake.. but i hope this will help someone!!!
RE: Arch Linux - HeR97 - 08-07-2011
il google translate nije radio
RE: Arch Linux - KaiT_AleX - 08-07-2011
No man.. I don't use it.. Just cominated tut of my version and killers one..
RE: Arch Linux - Deadboy - 08-30-2011
Thanks alot for this post. I've been wanting to make the switch to Arch for awhile now and this gives me the motivation to go for it. Much appreciated.
RE: Arch Linux - KaiT_AleX - 08-30-2011
You are welcome !
DGood luck witth this !
RE: Arch Linux - Deadboy - 08-30-2011
(08-30-2011, 07:31 PM)KaiT_AleX Wrote: You are welcome !
Good luck witth this !
Thanks. I've almost completed my first Arch installation, but while I'm waiting for packages to download I thought I'd share a link I found that might help others. It's a tutorial very similar to this but it also has some screenshots and other helpful tips: http://lifehacker.com/5680453/build-a-killer-customized-arch-linux-installation-and-learn-all-about-linux-in-the-process :thumbs:
RE: Arch Linux - .LiT - 09-07-2011
Thanks nice tute! I use Gentoo, Backtrack 5 and Ubuntu. I'm very close to trying out Arch!
RE: Arch Linux - .LiT - 09-07-2011
Thanks nice tute! I use Gentoo, Backtrack 5 and Ubuntu. I'm very close to trying out Arch!